英语学习资料：双语经济学人：新型冠状病毒

英语学习资料：双语经济学人：新型冠状病毒 以下文字资料是由小编为大家搜集整理后发布的内容，让我们赶快一起来看一下吧！

　　事实上，这仅是最新发现的第七种会在人体流行的冠状病毒，前6种有4种只会引起感冒，另外2种则包含了臭名昭著的沙士病毒，能够致人死亡。

　　相比起03年非典爆发，这一次中国的前期应对措施已经做的足够好，及时进行了报道，防止了事态因人为原因而进一步恶化。

　　春运将至，各位务必戴好口罩，防范于未然。

　　Before 2003 few outside the field of respiratory medicine would have heard the term “coronavirus”. Then came SARS—severe acuterespiratory syndrome—and suddenly the word became familiar. SARS caused a medical panic. It was an unknown illness with a mortality rate of about 10% and there was a brief period when, having escaped from China, where it first appeared, and surfaced in places as far distant as Canada, it seemed to have the potential to cause a global epidemic.

　　在2003年以前，若非在呼吸道医学领域工作，很少会有人听过“冠状病毒”这个词。直到2003年非典(严重急性呼吸系统综合症)爆发，才令“冠状病毒”一词变得不再陌生。在当时，非典引起了医学恐慌，这样一种未知疾病死亡率高达10%，在中国首次出现并流行不久后便漂洋过海传播到了加拿大，大有一股爆发全球性传染病危机的架势。

　　Thankfully, SARS was contained, and now seems to have disappeared in the wild. But the bogeyman status of coronaviruses has not diminished. Hence the mini-panic when a new one began infecting people in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, in China. As The Economist went to press 42 patients had been confirmed as being ill with the new virus, one of whom had died.

　　好在非典最终得以控制，现在似乎已经在自然环境内消失。不过，冠状病毒依然令人闻风丧胆。因此，最初在中国湖北省会武汉新出现一例案例时，引发了一点点恐慌。截止《经济学人》发刊，已确认出现42例病例，其中1例死亡。(目前全国已经报道有324例病例，6例死亡)

　　The virus’s symptoms of fever and pneumonia are similar to those of several other infections, so it was not clear to start with what was happening. The person now believed to have been the first patient developed symptoms on December 8th. The most recent case in China presented on January 2nd. On January 8th, however, a Chinese visitor arriving in Thailand from Wuhan was also found to be feverish, and on January 13th her illness was confirmed as being caused by the new virus.

　　感染新型冠状病毒的发病症状类似于其他流行性感冒，患者会发烧,因此患病初期难以确诊。12月8号，确诊了首例出现这种症状的病例。之后1月2号再次确诊一例。1月8号，一名从武汉前往泰国的游客出现发烧症状，随后在1月13号被确诊为新型冠状病毒感染。

　　once China’s health authorities realised what was going on, they acted fast. On January 1st they shut down a market that seemed to be a mon factor between the patients. By January 7th they had isolated the new pathogen, showing that it was a coronavirus. And on January 12th they published the new virus’s geic sequence, enabling doctors in other countries to check for possible cases.

　　中国卫生当局意识到问题时，行动迅速：在1月1号就关闭了似乎是病源的海鲜市场;到1月7号时，当局分离出新的病原体，确认为冠状病毒;1月12日，又公布了这种新型冠状病毒的基因序列，以便其他国家的医生能够检查可能的病例，防范于未然。

　　Coronaviruses, so called because they vaguely resemble monarchical crowns when examined under an electron microscope, are a widespread group that infect many species of mammal and bird. The two human examples known of before 2003 both cause colds, but are not regarded as life-threatening. A diligent search after the emergence of SARS discovered two others that had been circulating, previously unnoticed, in the human population. Then, in 2012, a sixth human coronavirus was discovered and shown to be responsible for newly described symptoms now called Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) that kill about a third of those infected. The agent responsible for the outbreak in Wuhan, which has yet to be named formally, appears to be the seventh.

　　冠状病毒得名是因为这类病毒在电子显微镜之下类似王冠状。冠状病毒能够感染多种哺乳动物和鸟类。在03年非典爆发前，已知的两种人冠状病毒只会引发感冒，并不致命。非典爆发后，又新发现了两种此前一直有在人类流行的病毒。再之后在2012年发现了第六种可感染人类的冠状病毒，会引发中东呼吸综合征，死亡率高达33.3%。目前武汉卫生健康委员会尚未对新型冠状病毒命名，该病毒属于第七种可感染人类的冠状病毒。(第三种就是沙士病毒)

　　What is not yet clear is whether the Wuhan virus can, like the other six, spread directly from person to person. Novel human viruses are usually pathogens established in another animal that have jumped the species barrier. To be successful, though, they must also have mutated sufficiently to pass between members of their new host. The virus responsible for SARS, for example, came from bats, via civets, before infecting people. That responsible for MERS came from camels. Which species harboured the Wuhan virus remains unknown. The initial suspicion—hope, almost—was that each of those infected picked the virus up independently from whichever animal reservoir harbours it, rather than from another human being. The now-closed market being a mon factor in infections has encouraged this belief, as has the failure of China’s health authorities to find signs of infection in those who had been in contact with patients.

　　目前尚未确定武汉新型病毒是否与前六种一样会人传人(已经确定人传人)。新型病毒一般是寄生在一种生物上，然后跨越种群障碍传播到另一种生物上。而且病毒还需要足够的基因突变才能成功在新的宿主上流行。比如，沙士病毒原本是寄生在蝙蝠身上的，之后传播到果子狸上，最后感染到人类;中东呼吸综合征病毒最初则来自于骆驼;而目前武汉新型冠状病毒的源头动物尚未确认。最初的怀疑(可以说是希望)是患者遇到携带病毒的宿主是动物而非人类。患者共同去过一个海鲜市场是个很好的证明，目前该市场已经关闭;而且中国卫生当局也没有在与患者接触过的人身上发现有类似的症状，这同样也增添了该推测的可信度。

　　Given the lack of new cases, it looks possible that even if person-to-person transmission has happened, the swift response to the new infection has nipped things in the bud. That is encouraging, as is the fact that the traveller to Thailand was detected by equipment installed for the purpose at Bangkok airport. This picked up her elevated body temperature and alerted the authorities. In a world where a virus could be halfway around the pla before medical science has got its boots on, that is something to be grateful for.

　　鉴于病例有限，目前尚未能确认是否病毒能够人传人，不过当局迅速的应对措施已经将新疫情爆发的可能性扼杀在摇篮里了。与此同样鼓舞人心的是，由武汉前往泰国的那个旅客，在曼谷机场就被检测出发热，随之当局得到通知。在这样一个病毒可能已经流行半个地球，但医疗科学可能还没跟得上的世界，这样的速度确实值得让人心怀感激。